INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE AND POPULATION
Basic Data:
- Surface area: 752.614 sq. km;
- Capital: Lusaka;
- Principal cities: Ndola, Kitwe, Livingstone;
- Official name: Republic of Zambia;
- Political regime: Multiparty – Presidential republic;
- President: Levy Patrick Mwanawasa
- Vice President: Rupiah Banda;
- Foreign Affairs Ministry: Kabinga Pande;
- Last elections: 28 Settembre 2006;
- Principal political parties: Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD); Patriotic Front (PF); United Party for National Development (UPND);United National Indipendent Party (UNIP); Forum for Democracy and Development (FDD). UPND, UNIP and FDD are now united into the United Democratic Alliance (UDA).
Population and social indicators:
- Population: 11.500.000;
- Density: 15,28 abitanti per Kmq;
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Population growth (annual %): 1,6 (World Bank);
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School enrollment, primary (% gross): 79,8 (World Bank);
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Prevalence of HIV, (% of population ages 15-49): 17,0 (World Bank);
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Language: English, official language;
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Religions: Christian, Muslim, Hindu, local animist religions;
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Official coin: Zambian Kwacha;
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Ethnical minorities: 73 ethnical groups.
DOMESTIC AFFAIRS
Zambia is a presidential Republic based on the 1996 Constitution (currently under review). Zambia became independent in 1964 after 80 years of British colonial rule. It was one of the first countries in the Region to embark on a democratization process.
The multiparty system was abolished de jure in 1972, when President Kaunda’s UNIP party was declared the only legally recognized political party and its Statute incorporated in the Republic’s Constitution, but it was reintroduced in 1990 after a constitutional amendment. Since then, 10 new political parties have been created. The presidential elections of 1991 were won by Frederick Chiluba, leader of the new MMD party, who also won a second term in 1996.
In 2001 Chiluba appointed Patrick Levy Mwanawasa (vice president during his first mandate) as his successor. Mwanawasa was elected in 2001 and confirmed for a second mandate the 28th September 2006, while the MMD party gained the parliamentary majority in both elections.
The composition of the current Government is as follows:
- President: Levy P. Mwanawasa;
- Vice-president: Rupiah Banda;
- Home Affairs: Lt.Gen. Ronnie Shikapwasha;
- Foreign Affairs: Kabinga Pande;
- Finance and National Planning: Peter Magande;
- Defence: George Mpombo;
- Agriculture: Ben Kapita;
- Mines and Mineral Development: Dr. Kalombo Mwansa;
- Health: Dr. Brian Chituwo;
- Justice: George Kunda;
- Energy and Water Development: Kenneth Konga;
- Community Development and Social Service: Mrs.Catherine Namugala;
- Science and Technology: Peter Daka;
- Information and Broadcasting: Mike Mulongoti;
- Lands: Bradford Machila;
- Sport, Youth and Child Development: Gabriel Namulambe;
- Education: Geoffrey Lungwangwa;
- Labour and Social Security: Ronald Mukuma;
- Local Government and Housing: Mrs. Sylvia Masebo;
- Commerce and Industry: Felix Mutati;
- Communications and Transport: Mrs. Sarah Sayifwanda;
- Tourism, Environment and Natural Resources: Michael Kaingu;
- Works and Supplies: Kapembwa Simbao;
- Gender and Women in Development: Mrs. Patricia Mulasikwanda.
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